نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 گروه زبان و ادبیات عربی، دانشکده ادبیات، دانشگاه الزهراء(س) ، تهران، ایران
2 گروه زبان و ادبیات عربی، دانشکده ادبیات، دانشگاه الزهراء (س)، تهران، ایران
چکیده
کلیدواژهها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
Human avarice and the horrendous consequences of ruinous war in the 20th century caused writers couldn't embody the utopia and its realization remained just like a dream. As human problems became more complicated, this literature was sacrificed by this pessimism. And its tone was intertwined with poignancy and bitterness and led the literal works toward dystopian literature. Challenge of impossibility to realize the ideal city and the prophecy of the literature (i.e. hope giving) caused the writers to find “Protopia” concept. “Protopia” is a city that takes a step toward improvement every day, despite ample problems, and keeps the hope of improvement alive among the generations. Ghada al-Samman, the Syrian contemporary novelist, influenced by the chaotic situation of the Arab countries in the different fields including political, social, and cultural, has illustrated her own society’s glooms eloquently. Using the descriptive–analytical method, the present essay seeks factors of dystopia genesis and its specifications in the system of thought of this writer and also a real city or her mind’s hopeful protopia, in fact. The findings suggest that Ghada Al-Samman visualizes the promising protopia in the eyes of the audience, despite the dystopian atmosphere governing her stories and attention paid to the reasons for the emergence of the corrupt city such as war, failure, oppression, betrayal, corruption, poverty, superstitious beliefs and seclusion of open-minded persons. Protobia of al-Samman is accessible through unity, effort, and resistance against domestic and international enemies, though, even if there would be a long distance to utopia.
کلیدواژهها [English]
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