تحلیل ویژگی‌ها و عناصر اقلیمی آتش بدون دود نادر ابراهیمی

The present article studies the components of climatic literature in The Fire without Smoke (1992) by Nader Ebrahimi (1936-2008). The writer tries to repond to fundamental questions (e.g. the impact of climatic elements of the Turkmen desert and the events resulting from the land reform law have on the narration of Nader Ebrahimi’s the smokeless fire, or the methods that the author used to reflect the climatic characteristics of this land and the thoughts, emotions, culture, and customs of the Turkmen people and oppression of them in that period) via deploying a descriptive-analytic style. Based on the text of the novel, it will be deduced that Ebrahimi has chosen the Turkman-Sahara climate as the story setting and the land reform of the forties as the subject of his story. Since the climate and its elements affect the thoughts of the writer, as well as the setting of the story, they gradually create a language, images and, new figures of speech that originated from the climate in which the story happened. This has occurred by overcoming author's emotions and imaginations and speaking of them gradually. Thus, by choosing the appropriate title and subject, the author illustrates the actor, the language appropriate to the pattern of environmental linguistics, and most importantly, the appropriate theme, like his predecessors. It maintains its interaction with nature and beyond this mutual relationship seeks to support the villagers and the oppressed people of this land.
Introduction:
Followed by the constitutional revolution and the resulting developments, Persian fiction also found itself similar to western fiction in terms of structure and content. This way, Iranian storywriters used historical and, especially, social themes in the form of short stories and novels. The social and literary developments resulting from the constitutional revolution and the change in Iranian writers' views led to the spread of realistic stories that reflected the social conditions of the society. Along with political and social issues, a type of story that reflected the situation of villagers and residents of non-central areas (the capital) of Iran became popular. These stories are known with titles such as climatic, rural, regional, regional, and local stories. Nader Ebrahimi is one of the novelists who wrote his novel The fire without smoke (1992) with the aim of supporting the hardworking villagers of the Turkmen-Sahara region against the oppression of the owners and the damages resulting from the land reformation law and the settlement of urban immigrants there. The dynamic reflection of climatic elements in Ebrahimi's stories creates a great deal of distinction between his work and other authors of climatic stories. This signifies the importance of climatic elements of Turkman-Sahara and its climatic characteristics. The Fire without smoke, which is the story of the Turkmen people during the agrarian reform period of the 1940s and the story of the protagonists' lives until the last years of the Pahlavi regime, won the award for the Storywriter twenty Years after the Revolution" award.
Methodology:
The author attempts to extract and analyze the climatic elements related to the geographical space of the Turkmen-Sahara region in the story with a descriptive-analytical method based on the text of the story and expresses the role of these elements in the process of the story and attracting the audience.
Results and Discussion:
Common and distinctive native elements that are emphasized in climate stories can be listed as people's culture including their beliefs and customs, occupations and professions, regional architecture, foods, clothing, and local language (native words, accent and structure of the native language, folk songs and hymns), method livelihood, economic and production, native places and regions, native nature, climatic imagery, political, and social movements and developments in the region. The main theme of the story is the love of Galan and Solmaz, the Turkmen-Sahara, and the revolutionary struggles of the people there. Nader Ebrahimi, who loves the legends, rites, and traditions of the Turkmen people, and draws their love and ethnic partialities with a praiseworthy view, makes use of poetic language in his story. This is inspired by the nature of this climate in the choice of words and composition and even similes and images, as the climatic elements of that region play a dynamic role in his novel.
In his novel, Ebrahimi has openly supported the environment and the rural community. This is performed via emphasizing the geographical location of the story in the role of an active character, the narrator, and the context of the story, and techniques such as description, imagery and appropriate language. Furthermore, he makes the audience pay more attention to nature and conservation of the environment.
He has achieved his goal with linguistic and literary performances which are appropriate to his Turkmen-Sahara climate as a result of attracting the reader and influencing him. Due to the jobbery of the rulers and the failure to properly implement the land reformation law, instead of leading to the implementation of justice and the development of the rural society and the preservation and growth of the climate, the rural society has been pushed towards urbanization and the destruction of the climate and the poverty and misery of the villagers.
Conclusion:
By analyzing the climatic elements in his novel, the following results were obtained: Choosing The Fire Without Smoke, which is a paradoxical combination of climatic and natural elements, shows the ironic concept of hidden anger. This is the first element that reminds the reader of the dynamic and strong role of nature and climatic elements before reading the story.
The author deliberately tried to describe the nature of that climate in detail. He shows all the elements related to that environment including natural elements, animals, birds, vegetation and trees, cultural and social elements such as local names of people, tribes, their places, clothes and customs and preserve them in the context provided by this work.
Ebrahimi used the language and poetic images taken from the climate and pristine nature of the Turkmen Sahara and the local words of this area to show his relationship with the climate environment and its reflection in human life. The extensive use of personification techniques for the elements of nature and those in connection with the "Sahara" shows Ebrahimi's interactive approach to climatic elements. This, by itself, expresses his belief in the life of nature and its role in the survival of the inhabitants of that climate.