Document Type : Original Article
Authors
1
MA graduate, Department of Arabic Language and Literature, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, Iran.
2
Associate Professor at The Department of Arabic Language and Literature at Imam Khomeini International University
10.22126/rp.2026.14569.2318
Abstract
In recent decades, advances in linguistics have introduced new approaches to stylistics and expanded the analysis of literary works based on linguistic theories. One of the important models in this field is Paul Simpson’s stylistic model, which is based on Halliday’s transitivity system. The transitivity system explains how experience is represented in language through three main components: processes (verbal groups), participants (nominal groups), and circumstances (adverbial and prepositional groups). In this model, processes are divided into six types: material, mental, relational, behavioral, verbal, and existential. An examination of the types of transitivity processes used in Al-Qannas shows that behavioral processes have the highest frequency, followed by material processes. In Simpson’s transitivity system, participants, in addition to being the constructors of processes, function around the process and are often identified by terms such as subject and object. Circumstances, on the other hand, indicate the situation and complete the process. These elements are employed in Al-Qannas in accordance with the types of processes and the circumstances of the participants, and the sentences generally have a clear and simple structure. The findings of the study indicate that Simpson’s transitivity model provides an effective framework for analyzing style and explaining the characterization techniques employed in Al-Qannas.
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