Sociological reading of the novel "Ayesha" by Al-Bashir bin Salameh based on Lucien Goldman's formative constructivist theory

Lucien Goldman is one of the sociological thinkers who has paid attention to the relationship between the writer and society and to formative constructivism. His method aims to reveal a meaningful connection between the literary work and the most basic aspects of life. Bashir Ibn Salameh is one of the contemporary Algerian writers who seeks to express the pains and desires of his society and social class in his novel Aisha. Thus, the present article aims to present a sociological reading of the novel Aisha based on Goldman's formative constructivist sociological theory in a descriptive-analytical manner with the aim of explaining and criticizing the content of the novel. The results of the research show that the novel has a systematic whole, all of whose components are closely related to each other in terms of both structure and content, and Ibn Salameh used his social class consciousness in writing it, while he was influenced by the background of his social class consciousness and objected to the existing situation. An analysis of the novel's political structure shows that political events, especially the French colonial presence in Tunisia, act as a driving force for widespread social changes. These effects are prominently manifested in the form of structural changes and social mobility at the societal level. By using descriptive narrative techniques, the author enables the audience to identify with the atmosphere of the story and conveys the fundamental concepts of the work to them in a tangible way.