The Effect of Female and Male Writing on the Narration on Love and the Unfinished Lady and Shahrbanoo’s Honeymoon (A Comparative Stady)

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 .A. Student in Persian Language and Literature, Humanities & Physical Education, Gonbad-e Kavous University, Gonbad-e Kavous, Iran.

2 Assistant Professor in Persian Language and Literature, Humanities & Physical Education, Gonbad-e Kavous University, Gonbad-e Kavous, Iran

3 Associate Professor of Persian Lnguage and Literature, Humanities & Physical Education, Gonbad-e Kavous University, Gonbad-e Kavous, Iran

Abstract

One of the worth-mentioning matters in the style and prose of the fiction is the style of writing. Linguistic studies have been discussed, especially in feminism” the feminine writing style, and its differences with masculine writing. The study aims to compare the impact of feminine and feminine writing on the elements of the “plot,” “personality” and “dialogue in the novels Love and Unfinished Lady and Shahrbanoo’s Honeymoon by Amirhassan Cheheltan and Mahshid Amirshahy.This paper is conducted by the library research methodology, information gathering, and adaption of a masculine and a feminine writers’ wor. Overview of the study shows the difference between masculine and feminine writing and its impact on the type of narrative. Amirhassan Cheheltan follows a masculine style of writing and uses characters with a small number and very short and small dialogues and the details has no place in dealing with them; Unlike him, Mahshid Amirshahy is a feminine writer whose fiction is full of different characters. The dialogues of the characters of Amirshahshahy’s fiction are long and detailed. It also has a vague, complex way out of the frame; while Amirshahshahy has a feminine way and adheres to the order and the plot.
Introduction:
One of the rudimentary concerns in studying the style of writers, especially female writers, is their writing style, which has also been the focus of linguists. Gender in language is one of the topics that linguistic studies have addressed. Likaf considers women to have a weak language and believes that this weak language is formed due to their social status and different learning (Likaf, 1398: 68-60). These language differences are the result of gender differences.
Seldon and Widdowson argue that women write differently, not because they are psychologically different from men, but because they have a different social position. Also, they believe that women are attacked by language because of the dominance that men have over language, and as a result, women fight against men's language and men's dominance (Seldon and Widdowson, 1397: 296-301).Feminists believe that their language and writing style are also different because of the different moods and views of women and men. In the current research, the characteristics of four novels byMahshid Amirshahi and Amirhasan Cheheltan are investigated in order to reveal the impact of gender on the way of narration, dialogue and plot in these two writers. Love and Unfinished Lady by Amir Hassan Cheheltan and Honeymoon of Shahr Bano by Mahshid Amir Shahi are the case studies of this research.
Methodology:
This study id done by descriptive and analytical method. For this purpose, the data is collected from the novels, then data ghatered will be classified and analyzed based on the theoretical framework of the article and the three factors ofcharacterization, plot and dialogue.
Results and Discussion:
Chehletan and Amirshahi are completely influenced by their gender in using story elements. Cheltan's attitude is based on generalism, but Amirshahi's is based on partialism.
Cheheltan writes long texts and complexitys but Amirshahi writes with short Sentences. The Characterization, dialogue and plot are complex and ambiguous in Cheheltan, but simple and linear in Amirshahi. Cheheltan's attitude towards women is traditional and conforms to the patriarchal system, but Amirshahi has a critical and modern attitude towards women.
Conclusion:
The analysis of the novels Love and Unfinished Lady and Sharbanoo’s honeymoon showed that Cheheltan disrupts the order of the plot and uses suspense and disrupting the time sequence in the narration. He narrates in way of Stream of consciousness.
Cheheltan also uses the Stream of consciousness in characterization and dialogue. Most of these characters advance the story by reviewing their memories and internal conversations. On the other hand, in Amir Shahi’s novel the plot is simple and linear. The element of dialogues is in proportion with their characters and their inner thoughts, and it is generally used as a direct quote and away from any ambiguity. Cheheltan shows the behavior of men and women according to the predetermined pattern of the society. Accordingly, women are usually dominated by men. Amirshahi writes completely differently from Cheheltan and does not only use women in the home and family, but allows them to enter the larger society and external affairs of the home, and portrays all the secrets related to their femininity.
 

Keywords

Main Subjects


Arbab, S. (2012). “Investigating the classification of common Persian taboo words in public”, Comparative Linguistucs, 107-124. (In Persian).
Arab Yoosefabadi, F. and Kalbali, Sh. (2018). “Review of feminism style in novel Acacia alley written by Razieh Najjar”, Scientific research quarterly of woman and culture, 3, 61-74. (In Persian).
Alizadeh, N. and Nazari Anamegh, T. (2018). “Review of characters in fictions of Sadegh Hedayat”, Magazine of Persian language and literature, Faculty of literature and human sciences, University of Tabriz, 151-190. (In Persian).
Amirshahi, M. (2001). Mothers and Daughters: Shahrbanoo’s Honeymoon, 1st publication, Stockholm: Ferdosi publication. (In Persian).
Amirshahi, Conference Of literary text research, A new look to stylistics, eloquence and criticism,5, 1-17. (In Persian).
Barekat, B. (2017). “Writing’s Feminism: An introduction to methodology of relation of language and sexuality, 2(3), 24-39. (In Persian).
Biniaz, F. (2009). An introduction to writing fiction and narratology including a short chapter on the pathology of novel and short story in iran, Tehran: Afraz publication. (In Persian).
Cheheltan, A. (2014). Love and unfinished lady, 2nd publication, Tehran: Negah publications. (In Persian).
Cameron, D. (2016). Verbal Hygiene, Translator: Reza Amini, Tehran: Booyeh kaghaz publications. (In Persian).
Delbari, H. et al (2017). “Review of variable of gender with emphasis on feminine language in novelCenizo by Monir Ravanipoor”, Quarterly of literary researches, 58, 31-48. (In Persian).
De Beauvoir, S. (2020). Le deuxieme sex, Translator: Ghasem Sanavi, 1st Edition, Tehran: Toos publications. (In Persian).
Ekrami, M. (2005). Anthropology of informal expressions, Mashhad: Ivan publication. (In Persian).
Hosseini, M. (2005). “Feminine Narration In feminine story writing, Book of the month literature and philosophy”, Faculty of literature and human sciences, University of Tehran, 94, 43-101. (In Persian).
Ghasemzadeh, S. A. and Akbari, F. (2015). “The elements of feminism writing in “Sorkhi-e to az man.Journal of Persian language and literature, 8, 181-205. (In Persian).
Modarresi, Y. (2008). An introduction to sociolinguisticts of language, Tehran: Institute of human sciences and cultural studies. (In Persian).
Najafian, A. et al (2018). “Critical analysis of power and sexuality discourses in works of 80s century’s women writers: Arastooee and Pirzad and Vafi”, Women and society scientific research quarterly, 2, 149-168. (In Persian).
Nercissians, E. (2010). “Genderlect and some cases about quantitative and qualitative reflection of it in some scenarios”, Woman in culture and the art of woman’s research, 2(1), 31-48. (In Persian).
Noroozi, F. and Ghaffari, M. (2020). “Theory of feminism writing of Helene Cixous”, imagination to reality, pathology of perception of feminism writing in some Persian theoretical researches, Critic and literary theory, 12(2), 263-293. (In Persian).
Okhovvat, A. (1992). Grammer of fiction. Esfahan: Farda publication. (In Persian).
Payandeh, H. (2004). Modernism and Postmodernism in novel, 1st Edition, Tehran: Rooznegar publications. (In Persian).
Peighambarzadeh, L. (2009). “Structural analysis of stories of Amirgossein Cheheltan”, Master Thesis, Supervisor: Ghodratollah Taheri, Faculty of human siences, Payame noor university, Tehran Markaz. (In Persian).
Rajab Bolookat, K. (2016). “Feminine writing in novels of Fereshteh Sari, Master Thesis”, supervisor: Abdollah Hassanzadeh Mirali, Faculty of literature and human sciences, University of Semnan. (In Persian).
Robin Tolmach Lakoff. (2020). Language and the womens phace, Translated by; Maryam Pooresmaeel and Yaser Pooresmaeel, Tehran: Negah publication. (In Persian).
Saeedi, A. and Shokri, Y. (2017). “Function of element if dialogue in express the fictional elements and structural reliability of short story “Gravediggers” written by Sadegh Choobak, Researches of literary criticism and stylistics, 3, 61-90. (In Persian).
Salimi Koochi, E. and Shafiee, S. (2014). “Comparative reading of two novels: I will turn the lights off and Forbidden diary”, based on theory of feminism in feminine writing, Scientific research quarterly of comparative literature researches, 2, 67-78. (In Persian).
Samaee, M. (2003). Dictionary of hidden language and an introduction to sociology of language, Tehran: Markaz publication. (In Persian).
Selden, R. and Widdowson, P. (2018). Readers guide to contemporary literary theory, Translator: Abbas Mokhber, Tehran: Tarhino publication. (In Persian).
Trudgill, P. (2008). An introduction to language and society, Translated by; Mohammad Tabatabaee, Tehran: Agah publication. (In Persian).
Toolan, M. (2014). Narrative: A Critical Linguistic Introduction, Translated by; Fatemeh Alavi and Fatemeh Nemati, Tehran: Samt publication. (In Persian).
Waldorf, R. (2004). An introduction to sociolinguistics of language, Translated by; Reza Amini, 1st publication, Tehran: Booye kaghaz publication. (In Persian).
Yoonesi, Kh. et al. (2017). “Signs of feminism style in contemporary fictional literature”, contemporary Persian literature, Institute of human sciences and cultural studies, 3, 93-124. (In Persian).
Zareh Boomi, M. (2018). “Aspects of feminity and masculinity in feminine writing and masculin writing”, Magazine of contemporary Persian literature, 2, 91-108. (In Persian).