Analytical Comparison of Male and Female Characters in Two Novels of the 40s and Two Novels of the 70s based on the Sociology of Language

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Ph.D. student of Persian Faculty of Literature, Faculty of Literature, Mazandaran University, Babolsar, Iran.

2 Professor, Faculty of Persian Literature, Faculty of Literature, Mazandaran University, Babolsar, Iran

3 Associate Professor, Department of Persian Literature, Faculty of Literature, Mazandaran University, Babolsar, Iran

4 Professor of the Department of Persian Language and Literature, Faculty of Literature, Mazandaran University, Babolsar, Iran

Abstract

Gender is one of the most important topics in the sociology of language. Many linguists and sociologists do not believe that there are differences between the speech of women and men. One of the literary categories that receives the most influence from the linguistic elements of gender is fiction literature. In this research, the linguistic differences of the male and female characters , in the novels of Shovhar Ahookhonum  and Soushon (1940s) and Nimeh Ghayeb in Bammad Khomar (1970s) are considered by the following elements: color words, swear words, intensifiers, modifiers, proverbs, polite language, supplementary questions, unfinished sentences, and apologies. The novels of different eras were selected, in addition to the analysis of linguistic differences, the speech type of the characters in different genres will be compared. In order to answer the question, "Can you find a difference in the language of sexuality in the novels of the 1940s compared to the novels of the 70s?" First, the components were extracted from the novels, then they were analyzed by taking statistics and frequency and drawing a table. The findings of the research show that there are similarities between the gender of novels of one decade and differences between novels of twenty. The two basic differences in the novels used are swear words.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

Akmajin, Andrin; Demers, Richarda; Farmer, NK; Harnish, Robert M. (1375) Linguistics (introduction to language and communication), first edition. Translator: Ali Bahrami. Kermanshah: Taq Bostan Publications.
Arbab, Sepideh. (Autumn and Winter 2013) "Examination and classification of common Persian idioms in public circulation", Journal of Comparative Linguistics Research, No. 4, second year, pp. 107-124.
Afghani, Ali Mohammad. (2006) The Lady Ahoo’s Husband, second edition. Tehran: Saadi Printing House.
Beeman, William A. (1386) Manzil and power in Iran, first edition. Translated by Reza Moghadamkia. Tehran: Ney publication.
Paknahad Jabaruti, Maryam. (1381) Superiority and inferiority in language (sexual inequality in Iran), first edition. Tehran: Gam No Publishing.
Trad Gill, Peter. (1376) Sociolinguistics (an introduction to language and society), first edition. Translated by Mohammad Tabatabayi. Tehran: Nashar Agah.
Jannejad, Mohsen. (1380) The difference between Iranian male and female speakers in conversational interaction, language and gender, doctoral dissertation. Supervisor: Ali Afkhami Aghda, University of Tehran: Tehran.
Daneshvar, Simin (2018) Soushon, twenty-fifth edition. Tehran: Kharazmi Publications.
Sanapour, Hossein. (2016) Nimeh Ghayeb, 17th edition. Tehran: Cheshme Publishing House.
Seyedjavadi, Fattane. (1387) Bamdadakhomar, 42nd edition. Tehran: Alborz Publishing.
Fayaz, Ibrahim; Lehresh, Zohra. (2015) "Female voice in contemporary Iranian literature". Women's Research, Winter, No. 4, Volume 4, pp. 23-50.
Kalantari, Abdoul Hossein. (2011) Discourse from three linguistic, philosophical and sociological perspectives, Tehran: Sociologists.
Modaresi, Yahya. (1368) An introduction to the sociology of language, first edition. Tehran: Institute of Cultural Studies and Research.
Narcissus, Emilia. (1383) Anthropology of Gender, first edition. Tehran: Afkar Publishing House.
Fasold  Ralph 1990  The sociolinguistics of language . Oxford: Basil  Black well.
HILLMAN,MICHAEL,LANGUAGE AND SOCIAL DISTINCTION IN IRAN, IN MODERN IRAN:THE DIALECTICS OF CONTINUITY AND CHANGE,1981 .
Lokaff.R.(1975) langouge and woman s place. New York. Harper & Row.
GHAFFAR SAMMAR,R,&ALIBAKHSHI,G(2007).THE GENDER LINKED DIFFERENCES IN THE USE OF LINGUISTIC STRATEGIES IN FACE-TO- FACE COMMUNICATION LINGUISTICS JOURNAL,3,59-71.
NEMATI,A,&BAYER,J.(2007)GENDER DIFFERENCES IN THE USE OF LINGUISTIC FORMS IN THE SPEECH OF MEN AND WOMEN-A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF PERSIAN AND ENGLISH. GLASSA,(3)1,185-201.
Research on Fictional Literature
Volume 11, Issue 4 - Serial Number 42
January 2023
Pages 133-162

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics