Examining and comparing the function of the focalizer of the far-hand and the focalizer of the companion in political and critical narratives

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 University of mazandaran

2 university of mazandaran

Abstract

Focalization is the selection of the focal point through which people and fictional events are observed. Based on the theory of focalization by Gerard Genet and Rimmon Kennan, the present article examines and compares the role of the focalizer and the accompanying focalizer in the four narratives of Az ranji ke mibarim, Dar Kham-e Rah, Tarik-khane, and Azar mah-e Akhar-e Paeez. For this purpose, the aspects of focalization, including: the type of focalizer and focalization, the focalized, the degree of continuity of focalization, time span, spatial extent, and ideological aspects have been examined. Focalization facilities of this type of focalizer, including the parallel and identical viewing angle, the use of variable focalization, companionship and identification with the characters, and dealing with deep human pains such as loneliness, poverty and corruption, have made the works more believable and lasting. On the other hand, the use of a far-reaching and authoritarian focal point in the narratives of Az ranji ke mibarim and Dar Kham-e Rah has led to the production of works that are timeless, have a history of use, and only have political and non-popular content, which as soon as the trend changes politicians and the ruling party have gone to the sidelines.

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Main Subjects

Research in Narrative Literature

Articles in Press, Corrected Proof
Available Online from 19 February 2025

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